Human/ity

The relationship between non-human animals, the shared-world (Mitwelt), and human animals is characterized by mutual interdependence. However, since around the 19^th century, technical-industrial development has led to the extensive human exploitation of other animals and our shared-world. In the face of humanity’s destructive violence, Christian theology is called upon to reflect upon what kind of treatment of other animals and the shared-world is truly Christian. While this question most directly affects other animals and the shared-world, it also indirectly affects future human beings who will suffer severely from climate change and species extinction.

Coined in the early 2000s, the term Anthropocene originally emerged from the natural sciences. It refers to a geochronological epoch shaped substantially by humans, which replaced the Holocene and in which humans themselves have become a force of nature. However, the concept is not limited to scientific and technological phenomena. Due to the entanglement between humans and nature implicit in the term itself, the Anthropocene also carries an ethical meaning that manifests itself above all in questions about human responsibility for nature. Despite various criticisms of its descriptive and normative adequacy, and despite its rejection by the International Commission on Stratigraphy in 2024, the term remains interdisciplinarily generative, especially with regard to theological, nature-ethical, nature-aesthetic, and cultural-philosophical questions

• Anthropology

All monotheistic religions are convinced that the world was created by a deity. For the Christian religion, the two creation narratives at the beginning of the bible (cf. art. Scripture) are of particular relevance. Christianity derives from these narratives an understanding of the origin, meaning, and purpose of all living things. However, conflicts of interpretation regarding the role and responsibility of humans in the overall context of creation are always present. It is interesting to note that the authors of the biblical texts were already aware that the world as they experienced it was marked by a deficit of justice.

• Anthropology