Love

Eudaimonism is a form of ethical reflection focused on eudaimonia, the highest good for human life, and its relationship to virtue. Early and medieval Christian thought, inheriting this pattern of thought from Greek moral philosophy, reshaped it in relation to biblical ethical traditions centered on right relationship to God; God was understood as final end and highest Good, in friendship with whom happiness is to be found. The ecstatic, self-transcending character of this tradition was lost in the early modern period, with the rise of utilitarianism. Contemporary debates about eudaimonism center around the question of whether it is improperly self-regarding.

This article offers an introduction to the problem of theodicy and the arguments that have attempted to cope with it. To this end, it discusses the concepts from the philosophy of religion and theology that have been influential as well as the criticisms of them. Ultimately, the analysis makes the plea for a theology that is sensitive to suffering and that deliberately keeps open the theodicy question.